Kev ua cov hnab tote-txawm yog daim ntawv, yas los yog cov ntaub tsis woven- yuav tsum muaj ntau cov kauj ruam: txiav, sealing, folding thiab tiav. Cov kauj ruam no hloov tsis tu ncua dov raw cov ntaub ntawv mus rau hauv ib lub hnab tiav rau cov khw muag khoom lossis lub Hoobkas siv. Ntxiv cov tes thiab txhim kho thaj ua rau thaj yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws kev ua haujlwm hauv cov kauj ruam no. Tus tsim lub hnab tote yuav tsum txav lub vev xaib ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv ib zaug, siv cov kua nplaum lossis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws, thiab tuav lub nrawm ntawm ntau tshaj 150 hnab ib feeb. Txhawm rau kom nkag siab tias cov tshuab no tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo li cas thiab thaj ua rau thaj, peb yuav tsum tau saib cov khoom siv tshuab, cov tshuab sensor, thiab tswj kev teeb tsa uas ua haujlwm ua ke.
Lub hauv paus: Lub Hnab Lub Cev Tsim
Lub hnab yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej tuav lossis thaj ua rau thaj ntxiv. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem lub hnab yas tsim, zaj duab xis ntog tawm ntawm ib tug loj yob, folds rau hauv ib lub raj zoo thiab seals nyob rau hauv qab. Cov hniav txiav txiav cov yeeb nkab rau hauv nyias hnab ris ntawm qhov ntev uas tsim nyog. Txhua lub hnab ces txav mus rau pem hauv ntej ntawm txoj siv conveyor lossis saw system, npaj rau cov kauj ruam tom ntej.
Kev sib dhos ntawm lub hnab thaum nws mus txog qhov kov lossis kho qhov chaw nres tsheb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau txhua txoj haujlwm tom ntej. Yog hais tias lub hnab poob los ntawm 2 hli los yog 3 hli, tuav los yog patching yuav mus txuas ntxiv mus, ua lub hnab phem. Kev sib raug zoo yog ua tiav los ntawm cov kev taw qhia kev siv tshuab, photoreceptors uas nyeem cov imprint ntawm zaj duab xis thiab servo- tsav tsheb sib kis tau los kho txoj haujlwm ntawm lub hnab thaum nws txav mus. Cov kev xav tau qhov tseeb no tau them los ntawm ISO 21848. Nws teev cov kev txwv loj rau cov tshuab ntim khoom siv.
Kov Insertion: Cov khoom npaj thiab pub
Tsis siv neeg tuav tuav pib nrog cov khoom siv sib cais: yob ntawm cov khoom tiaj tus-zoo li daim kab xev, yas ribbon los yog txiav zaj duab xis strips - ua lub hnab kov. Cov khoom siv kov yuav tsum tau muab hlais mus rau ib qho ntev, thiab yog tias xav tau ib lub voj voog, quav nws thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw zoo hauv lub hnab ua ntej txuas.
Nyob rau hauv ib lub hnab ntim khoom rau ib lub hnab ncig, tus kov sawb yog thawj zaug txiav mus rau ib tug ntev haum rau lub kov voj txuas tabs. Cov qhab yog ces muab tais rau hauv U los yog D zoo siv lub tshuab folding lub rooj nrog ib daim ntawv qhia phaj thiab qhia rail. Cov duab ntawm cov folds yuav tsum zoo ib yam txhua lub sijhawm. Qhov kev hloov pauv hauv qhov quav hloov qhov ntev ntawm tus kov, ua rau nws tsis sib xws. Servo-tswj folding systems tau hloov cam-tsav cov khoom siv hauv cov tshuab tshiab. Qhov no yog vim lub servo system tso cai rau folding qhov ntau thiab tsawg los hloov hluav taws xob tsis tas yuav hloov qhov chaw.
Patch reinforcement- tso ib lub duab plaub me me ntawm cov khoom siv rau ntawm qhov kov cov ntsiab lus txuas kom nthuav dav lub nra thiab tiv thaiv tus kov los ntawm kev rhuav tshem lub hnab ntim khoom-unties ib qho kev sib cais ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thaj thiab txiav rau hauv ib qho chaw. Patches feem ntau yog txiav siv qhov tuag tuag thiab ib qho anvil yog siv los txiav lub thaj. Qhov no tso cai rau tib qhov loj me me ua rau tib lub nrawm. Lub thaj yog ces tsiv mus rau hauv lub hnab uas siv lub tshuab nqus tsev nqus khob los yog mechanical fixture. Cov no tso lub thaj raws nraim saum tus kov qhov taw tes txuas.
Lub zej zog ntawm cov kws tsim khoom tsim khoom tau sau ib daim ntawv ntawm servo- tsav cov khoom noj khoom haus hauv cov txheej txheem tshuab. Lawv qhia tau hais tias thaum siv servo feeders rau tiag tiag - lub sij hawm nruj tswj ntawm cov khoom siv network, kev sib raug zoo ntawm ± 0.5 millimeters tuaj yeem ua tiav ntawm tus nqi ntawm 200 laps ib feeb. Qib no ntawm qhov tseeb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tso chaw thaj chaw. Lub thaj yuav tsum tau npog tag nrho qhov kov qhov chaw txuas kom muab kev txhawb zog zoo.
Kev Ua Haujlwm Kev Ua Haujlwm: Adhesive, Kub Foob, lossis Ultrasonic Weld
Thaum tus kov thiab thaj ntawm lub hnab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, lawv yuav tsum tau ruaj ntseg. Nyob rau hauv lub hnab tote ua tshuab, muaj peb hom kev siv cov kev sib txuas. Raws li cov khoom ntim, qhov yuav tsum tau daim ntawv cog lus muaj zog, ntau lawm ceev thiab lwm yam los xaiv.
Daim ntawv thov kub yaj yog txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws. Nws yog tsim rau gluing tes thiab thaj ua rau daim ntawv, tsis yog - ntaub ntaub thiab qee lub hnab yas. Lub rhuab kua nplaum tank twj molten nplaum los ntawm lub programmable nozzle. Lub nozzle tso cov qauv ntawm cov kua nplaum rau ntawm lub hnab los yog ntawm daim ntawv lo. Cov qauv nozzle- feem ntau yog cov duab plaub, ob npaug -wired los yog dotted- yog tswj los ntawm lub solenoid valve, uas qhib thiab kaw thaum lub tshuab ncig. Qhov kub thiab cov kua nplaum yuav tsum tsim nyog. Cov kua nplaum me dhau, tsis muaj zog heev, tuaj yeem tawg hauv qhov hnyav. Cov kua nplaum ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau extrusion uas stain tshuab thiab cov hnab ntaub.
Thaum lub hnab thiab kov yog tib hom thermoplastic films, siv lub thermal seal. Kub lub foob thiab nias lub kov rau lub hnab. Qhov no melts cov yas tiv tauj taw tes thiab tsim ib tug weld. Kev teeb tsa foob-kub, siab thiab lub sijhawm- yuav tsum tau teem rau cov yeeb yaj kiab tshwj xeeb. ASTM F88 muab cov qauv ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas lub zog ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hloov tau yooj yim. Tshuab manufacturers siv cov kev ntsuam xyuas no los xyuas cov chaw foob hauv lub tshuab maub los.
Ultrasonic welding yog ib qho tshiab bagging txoj kev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau nonwoven hnab. Ultrasonic hais lus vibrate ntawm 20 txog 40 kHz. Qhov no tsim kev sib txhuam kub ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kev sib cuag ntawm tus kov lossis lub hnab. Cov cua sov hauv zos tuaj yeem welded yam tsis muaj cua sov ntxiv lossis kua nplaum. Ultrasonic welding muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev huv, tastelessness thiab tsis muaj thermal puas rau cov khoom nyob ib puag ncig. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev siv cov zaub mov- cov hnab qib. NIST luam tawm ua haujlwm ntawm kev teeb tsa ultrasonic welding tsis rau cov ntaub ntawv thermoplastic nonwoven. Lawv pom tias lub zog weld muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev vibration amplitude thiab clamping siab. Qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm seb hom polymer.
Synchronization: Tswj Architecture
Qhov kev sib tw tseem ceeb nrog kev tsis siv neeg tuav thiab kev ua haujlwm thaj yog lub sijhawm. Lub hnab, tuav cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv thaj thiab cov cuab yeej sib txuas yuav tsum nyob hauv tib txoj haujlwm tib lub sijhawm, txav mus los ntawm kev kub ceev tom qab lub voj voog, tsis muaj chaw rau lub sijhawm yuam kev. Lub sijhawm no yog ua tiav los ntawm txheej txheej tswj kev teeb tsa.
Nyob rau sab saum toj, lub programmable logic maub los (PLC) lossis lub zog tswj ua haujlwm raws li lub tshuab lub ntsiab moos. Tus maub los taw qhia qhov chaw tseem ceeb- feem ntau yog los ntawm ib qho encoder lossis virtual spool ntawm lub ntsiab tsav kab ncej- los txiav txim lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub tshuab lub voj. Txhua lub servo lub cev muaj zog hauv lub tshuab ua raws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb no thiab suav nws cov lus tsa suab raws li txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb. Thaum tus tswv tsev txoj haujlwm qhia tias lub hnab tau mus txog qhov chaw tuav, tus tuav pub rau hauv servo nrawm los tsim tus kov, thaj chaw txiav thiab hloov servo los tsim lub thaj, thiab lub kaw lus kaw qhib -tag nrho hauv milliseconds.
Lub koom haum IEEE Industrial Electronics Society tau sau ib tsab xov xwm txog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob hauv cov tshuab hloov pauv. Lawv taw qhia tias niaj hnub faib servo systems tuaj yeem tswj lub sijhawm ntawm cov khoom mus rau hauv ± 0.1 degrees tus tswv ncej tig. Qhov no yog tib yam li sub-millisecond lub sijhawm ntawm lub tshuab nrawm. Qhov no theem ntawm precision yog dab tsi ua rau nws muaj peev xwm mus ntxig ib tug tag nrho automatic kov ntawm ib tug siab tso zis npaum li cas. Cov tshuab qub qub uas siv cov cams, lub zog thiab lub sijhawm siv sijhawm tuaj yeem ua qhov no tsuas yog nrog ntau cov khoom siv tshuab thiab chav me me rau kev hloov.
Cov lus pom zoo Sensor thiab kev ruaj ntseg zoo
Lub sij hawm ib leeg tsis txaus. Cov tshuab yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas tias txhua kauj ruam yog lawm thiab tsis kam ua cov txheej txheem lossis cov hnab ntim uas tsis yog. Txhua qhov chaw nres tsheb muaj cov txheej txheem sensors rau lub sijhawm tiag tiag - tawm tswv yim.
Raws li Photoelectric sensors nkag mus rau hauv lub rooj folding, nws xyuas seb cov khoom siv puas nyob ntawd thiab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Yog hais tias lub sensor qhia tau hais tias tus kov sawb ploj lawm los yog tsis ua raws li, tus maub los yuav ua rau lub malfunction thiab nres lub tshuab ua ntej ib tug phem lub hnab ntawv. Cov tshuab pom kev-cov koob yees duab me me nrog cov duab tsom xam software- tau siv ntau dua los xyuas qhov chaw tso ntawm thaj ua rau thaj thiab cov qauv kua nplaum. Lub qhov muag pom kev yuav siv ib daim duab ntawm txhua lub hnab thaum nws dhau los ntawm qhov chaw kos thiab muab piv rau cov duab siv. Cov hnab uas sib txawv heev yog cim rau tom qab shunt tshem tawm.
FDA's HACCP lub moj khaum, thaum xub thawj tsim los rau kev nyab xeeb khoom noj, tau siv los ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom siv los ua qauv rau kev txwv tsis pub muaj qhov tsis xws luag. Los ntawm kev ntxig ntxig ntxig thiab tshaj tawm cov kauj ruam raws li cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, thiab ntxiv kev tshawb nrhiav tsis siv neeg ntawm txhua kauj ruam, cov tuam ntxhab tuaj yeem ua kom pom tias lawv cov neeg tsim lub hnab muab qhov ruaj khov, tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo uas tuaj yeem taug qab rov qab los teeb tsa cov txheej txheem.
Patch Handling Variations: Reinforcement Patches thiab Window Patches
Patch ua nyob rau hauv lub hnab tote txiag ua haujlwm ob txoj kev sib txawv, siv tib yam khoom siv, tab sis nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev. Raws li tau hais ua ntej lawm, Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob yog nyob ntawm qhov tuav tuav taw tes kom tawg lub nra. Lub qhov rais thaj ua rau thaj- ib daim duab plaub ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab pob tshab tso rau hauv lub qhov hauv lub hnab los tsim lub qhov rais pob tshab- yuav tsum muaj qhov chaw sib txawv tab sis siv tib thaj chaw pub noj, txiav thiab kev sib txuas.
Muaj peev xwm ua tau ob hom thaj ua rau thaj rau tib lub tshuab yog qhov tsim tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv lub hnab nqa tau yooj yim. Patch cov ntaub ntawv yob tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm opaque reinforcement Tshuag rau pob tshab qhov rais zaj duab xis. Txiav pwm kuj sib hloov tau los ua thaj ua rau thaj ntawm qhov sib txawv. Cov kev tswj hwm tau hloov kho kom haum rau qhov loj ntawm thaj chaw tshiab thiab kev sib koom ua ke. Qhov kev hloov pauv no tso cai rau ib lub tshuab los tsim ntau yam ntawm lub hnab ntim yam tsis muaj kev hloov pauv ntau yam - lub nplhaib- lub hnab zoo li lub hnab nrog lub zog ntxiv, lub hnab tuag- txiav lub hnab nrog lub qhov rais thaj ua rau thaj lossis ib thaj - tsuas yog lub hnab tsis muaj.
Txoj kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Michigan State University Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv Ntim Machinery tau saib sai npaum li cas cov neeg ntim khoom sib txawv txav ntawm txoj haujlwm mus rau txoj haujlwm. Lawv pom tias cov cav tov nrog servo-tsav, programmable patch tuav cov tshuab txo cov sij hawm hloov los ntawm 60 mus rau 75%% piv rau cov tshuab tswj kev tswj hwm. Qhov kev txo qis hauv lub sijhawm hloov pauv ncaj qha txhim kho kev siv tshuab thiab txo cov khib nyiab thaum hloov ntawm cov khoom khiav.
Ceev, Kho, thiab txwv ntawm Automation
Qhov siab tshaj plaws ceev ntawm lub hnab nqa khoom nrog ib qho kev tuav tuav tsis siv neeg tsis tau teeb tsa los ntawm ib qho kev tivthaiv. Nws yog txiav txim los ntawm tag nrho lub sij hawm tso cai los ntawm txhua kauj ruam hauv lub voj voog. Ntawm 150 hnab ib feeb, lub tshuab ua kom tiav lub voj voog txhua 400 milliseconds. Thaum lub sij hawm no, lub hnab yuav tsum nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, lub kov yuav tsum tau txiav thiab folded, lub thaj yuav tsum tau txiav thiab txav mus, cov kua nplaum yuav tsum tau siv, lub kaw lus yuav tsum nias thiab loosened, thiab lub hnab tiav yuav tsum raug xa mus rau qhov chaw sau. Txhua kauj ruam siv ib feem ntawm 400-millisecond pob nyiaj siv. Lub sijhawm so -lub sijhawm nruab nrab ntawm qhov kawg ntawm ib kauj ruam thiab qhov pib ntawm qhov txuas ntxiv-yog lub sijhawm lub cushion los nqus cov kev hloov me me.
Raws li kev ceev nce, lub sij hawm cushion ua me thiab me. Ntawm 200 hnab ib feeb, lub voj voog lub sij hawm poob mus rau 300 milliseconds. Lub gasket yuav tsis txaus los tswj cov kev hloov pauv hauv cov khoom noj, kua nplaum kom qhuav, lossis cov lus teb sensor. Cov cav tov yog rhiab heev rau cov khoom zoo, chav tsev kub thiab tshuab hnav. Cov kev xav tau kev saib xyuas ntau zaus thiab qhov tsis xws luag yuav muaj ntau dua.
OMAC ntim tshuab cov qauv, tsim nyob rau hauv IEEE, muab cov txheej txheem rau kev tswj hwm lub tshuab thiab nrhiav qhov txhaum. Qhov no pab cov neeg ua haujlwm paub sai sai thiab daws teeb meem lub sijhawm. Cov tshuab ua raws li OMAC cov qauv qhia cov ntaub ntawv kuaj xyuas cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws --xws li kev ntsuas lub sijhawm ntawm txhua qhov chaw thiab cov cav uas hloov pauv raws sijhawm. Qhov no tso cai rau kev saib xyuas thaum ntxov thiab txheej txheem kev kho kom zoo.
Xaus
Tote lub hnab ntim khoom siv servo servo-tsav cov khoom noj khoom noj khoom haus precision txiav thiab folding system, programmable programmable bonding units txheej txheej sij hawm lub sij hawm tswj sensor zoo checks paub tsis siv neeg tuav insertion thiab thaj ua. Lub tshuab txav tau ob peb lub xov tooj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv- hnab, tuav tuav, thaj ua rau thaj thiab kua nplaum- nyob rau hauv ib lub voj voog nruj, lub sij hawm rov qab ntau pua zaus hauv ib feeb. Kev hloov pauv los ntawm cov tshuab cam tsav tsheb mus rau servo- tswj tau, kev teeb tsa programmable tau hloov pauv cov tshuab no los ntawm ib zaug - siv cov cuab yeej los hloov pauv cov khoom lag luam uas tuaj yeem tswj tau ntau lub hnab ntim nrog lub sijhawm hloov me ntsis. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej no tsis yog txhua yam. Nws yog hais txog software smarts, uas txhim kho lub sijhawm, kwv yees thaum kho yuav tsum tau ua thiab kho thaum muaj kev hloov pauv loj. Nrog kev nce qib hauv kev tswj hwm thiab kev siv tshuab sensor, cov kauj ruam tom ntej yuav yog mus rau pem hauv ntej.
Cov ntaub ntawv
- International Organization for Standardization.ISO 21848 - Ntim - Lub hnab ntim tau yooj yim -Ua Machinery - Dimensional Tolerances. Geneva: ISO, 2019.
- Society of Manufacturing Engineers. "Servo-Triven Material Feeding Systems nyob rau hauv Converting Machinery: Registration Accuracy and Tension Control."Manufacturing Engineering Magazine, vol. 166, no. 4, 2021.
- ASTM International.ASTM F88 - Txoj Kev Xeem Txuj Ci rau Foob Lub Zog ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob. West Conshocken: ASTM, 2021.
- National Institute of Standards thiab Technology. "Ultrasonic Vuam Parameter Optimization rau Thermoplastic Nonwoven Materials in Packing Applications."NIST Technical Note 2195, 2020.
- IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. "Electronic Line Shaft Technology in Converting Machinery: Synchronization Precision and Distributed Servo Architectures."IEEE Kev Lag Luam ntawm Kev Lag Luam Hluav Taws Xob, vol. 68, no. 7, 2021.
- Ntim Machinery Research Institute, Michigan State University. "Changeover Efficiency hauv Multi-Function Bag-Ua Machine: Servo-Triven vs. Mechanical Systems."Phau ntawv Journal of Packaging Technology thiab Science, vol. 34, no. 2, 2022.
- OMAC Ntim Ua Haujlwm Pab Pawg, Lub Tsev Haujlwm ntawm Hluav Taws Xob thiab Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob.OMAC Ntim Machinery Guidelines: Lub Xeev Kev Tswj Xyuas thiab Kev Ntsuas. Piscataway: IEEE, 2020.
