Cov khw muag khoom loj tshaj tawm ntau lab lub hnab khoom noj txhua hnub. Lub hnab yuav tsum tuav txog 5 mus rau 15 kilograms ntawm cov khoom thauj. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog cov khoom kaus poom, lub raj mis, cov khoom tshiab thiab cov khoom noj khov. Lub kov yuav tsum tsis txhob torn, torn los yog poob thaum nqa lub hnab. Lub hnab tawg ntawm lub npe nyiaj ntsuab tsis muaj teeb meem me me. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom puas tsuaj, chim siab rau cov neeg siv khoom thiab ua rau cov khw muag khoom raug cai. Yog li ntawd, cov khw muag khoom noj muaj qhov hnyav hnyav rau lawv lub hnab ntim khoom. Yog vim li cas tuskhoom noj lub hnab ua tshuabyuav tsum tau tsim kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab muaj zog ua haujlwm ntawm kev kub ceev.
Daim ntawv no qhia txog cov khoom siv, cov khoom siv thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom noj niaj hnub lub hnab ntim khoom noj, uas ua rau qhov hnyav ntawm lub hnab ntim khoom noj mus txog thiab tshaj qhov hnyav ntawm lub khw muag khoom noj.
Nkag siab txog Load-Cov Lus Cog Tseg Hauv Cov Khw Muag Khoom
Ua ntej peb nkag siab txog kev tsim kho tshuab, peb yuav tsum paub meej tias cov khw muag khoom xav tau dab tsi. Cov khw muag khoom loj feem ntau yog siv cov qauv kev sim ntsuas los teeb tsa lub hnab ua tau zoo. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) muaj tus qauv ASTM D4649. Nws muab ib txoj hauv kev los ntsuas lub peev xwm nqa ntawm lub hnab ntim khoom noj. Qhov no suav nrog ob hom ntawv thiab yas. Tus qauv hais tias lub hnab ntim khoom noj ib txwm yuav tsum tuav lub pob ntsug ntsug ntawm qhov tsawg kawg yog 8kg rau tsawg kawg 10 vib nas this. Cov tes tuav, seams lossis hauv qab yuav tsum tsis txhob tawg (ASTM International, 2021).
Hauv kev xyaum, ntau lub khw muag khoom loj tau tsa lawv tus kheej txwv. Lawv feem ntau them ntawm 10 thiab 12 kilos. Qhov no suav nrog kev ua haujlwm ntxhib, cov khoom siv ntse thiab stacking thaum thauj. Cov txheej txheem European EN nrog cov kev cai ntawm cov khoom siv thiab txo cov pov tseg. Txawm li cas los xij, nws xa cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sim tshuab mus rau ISO (ISO) lub teb chaws tus qauv (European Committee for Standardization, 2020).
Yog li ntawd, cov hnab ntim khoom tsim los ntawm lub hnab ntim khoom noj yuav tsum tsis tsuas yog ua tau raws li cov kev cai no, tab sis kuj tseem muaj kev nyab xeeb dua li cov kev cai no. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua rau txhua batch, nrog me ntsis hloov ntawm lub hnab.
Mechanical nta uas txiav txim siab Load Capacity
Hauv qab Sealing thiab Reinforcement
Hauv qab ntawm lub hnab ntim khoom noj yog qhov chaw muaj kev ntxhov siab tshaj plaws. Txawm hais tias lub hnab yog tiaj tus-cov hnab ntawv hauv qab lossis lub hnab yas T- lub tsho, hauv qab yuav tsum nthuav tawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom sib npaug thoob plaws hauv nws cheeb tsam. Akhoom noj lub hnab ua tshuabtswj cov txheej txheem engineering.
Rau cov ntawv ntim khoom noj, lub tshuab folds thiab adheres rau hauv qab ntawm ntau txheej. Qhov no yog qhov peb hu ua "lub hnab hauv qab" lossis "thaiv". Hauv qab molding chaw nres tsheb tuav cov qauv kua nplaum kom npog tag nrho qhov dav ntawm lub hauv paus nrov plig plawg. Tom qab ntawd nias lub flap ntawm lub teeb siab thiab kub. Cov hnab yas yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav ua ntej tawm hauv lub tshuab. Kev tshawb fawb hauv phau ntawv Journal of Applied Polymer Science tau qhia tias dej -raws li cov kua nplaum tuaj yeem muaj zog shear ntawm 4.5 thiab 6.0 N / cm2 ntawm cov ntawv kho xim av. Qhov no txaus los tiv thaiv hauv qab los ntawm kev tawg hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus ib txwm muaj (Wiley, 2019).
Rau cov hnab yas, lub foob hauv qab yog thermally welded. Lub foob siv qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, siab thiab lub sijhawm nyob hauv lub sijhawm kom yaj cov txheej txheem polymer rau hauv cov khoom sib txuas. Yog tias lub foob tsis tiav - feem ntau yog vim qhov ntsuas kub tsis tau hla lub bar - cov seams hauv qab poob. Qhov no yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm cov hnab ntim khoom noj uas tawg. Lub tshuab tshiab daws qhov teeb meem no nrog servo- tswj cov tshuab kaw. Cov sensors saib xyuas qhov kub thiab txias nyob ib puag ncig lub bar hauv lub sijhawm.
Handle Attachment thiab Kov Geometry
Qhov kov yog qhov tsis muaj zog thib ob. Hauv ib lub hnab ntawv, tus kov tuaj yeem yog ib feem ntawm lub hnab (ib daim ntawv twisted lossis tiaj tus kov) lossis txuas rau lub hnab ib tus zuj zus. Hauv cov hnab yas T- lub tsho, kev kho mob yog txiav los ntawm tib lub tubular zaj duab xis raws li lub hnab. Nws ua rau lawv inherently muaj zog. Tab sis tsuas yog tias cov duab txiav disperses lub siab kom raug.
Khoom noj khoom haus lub hnab ua tshuabcov qauv nrog cov hnab ntawv tuav yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias qhov kov qhov taw tes muaj qhov nplaum txaus thiab cov nplaum nplaum. Siv cov phom nplaum nplaum los yog cov menyuam siv los siv rau qhov chaw nres tsheb. Cov qauv kua nplaum no muab qhov chaw sib cuag tshaj plaws. Lawv kuj zam cov kua nplaum ntau dhau, uas ua rau cov ntaub ntawv nyob ib puag ncig tsis muaj zog. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb los ntawm International Association of Packaging Research Institutes (IAPRI) pom tias kwv yees li 63% kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv lub hnab ntim khoom noj los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm kev sib txuas. Txoj kev tshawb no tseem pom tau tias qhov nce ntawm 15% hauv thaj tsam ntawm gluing yuav txo qis qhov tsis ua haujlwm ze li ntawm 40% (IAPRI, 2022).
Rau cov hnab yas, tus kov yog txiav los ntawm cov pwm meej hauv lub hnab ntim khoom. Cov pwm yuav tsum nyob twj ywm ntse thiab nyob rau hauv ib tug nruj ntau yam. Yog tias cov pwm yog npub lossis offline, lub kua muag me me yuav tshwm sim ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm tus kov. Lub kua muag loj hlob nyob rau hauv load, ua rau tus kov yuav snap ntxov ntxov.
Gusset Tsim thiab Phab Ntsa Kev Ncaj Ncees
Lub gasket yog sab hauv -folding sab panels ntawm ib pob. Lawv qhib kom haum rau qhov project loj. Lawv kuj pab nthuav qhov hnyav ntawm lub hnab. Yog tias cov quav tsis zoo tsim, ib qho kev ntxhov siab yog tsim ntawm qhov quav. Qhov no tuaj yeem rhuav lub hnab raws lub crease.
Lub gusset -folding chaw nres tsheb ntawm akhoom noj lub hnab ua tshuabsiv cov ntawv qhia hloov tau thiab servo-tsav folding hniav. Cov no ua rau txawm thiab ntse gusset creases. Rau cov hnab ntawv, creases tsis ua kom cov ntawv fibers tawg. Rau cov hnab yas, folding tsis ua rau lub siab dawb los yog thinning ntawm zaj duab xis. Rau lub hnab sib txawv me me cov khoom thicknesses thickness, lub tshuab tuaj yeem ua kom zoo gusset tsis hloov, uas ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau lub hnab hnyav dissipation nyhuv.
Khoom tuav thiab substrate Compatibility
Load-cov kabmob muaj peev xwm tsis yog los ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab ib leeg. Nws kuj nyob ntawm qhov zoo thiab hom pub. Ib lub tshuab zoo-tsim qauv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm sib txawv tab sis tseem muaj kev sib raug zoo hauv kev tsim khoom.
Ntawv Substrates
Cov hnab ntim khoom noj uas ua haujlwm nrog ntawv yuav tsum tuav cov ntawv kraft, nrog rau qhov hnyav ntawm 80 txog 150 g / m2. Lub tshuab tswj qhov nro yuav tsum ua kom qhov nro ntawm lub vev xaib sib npaug thoob plaws tag nrho qhov dav ntawm daim ntawv yob. Qhov no tiv thaiv wrinkles, dislocations los yog kua muag thaum molding. Yog tias qhov nro siab dhau, nws yuav ncab thiab tsis muaj zog ntawm daim ntawv fibers. Yog tias qhov nro qis dhau, cov folds yuav tsis sib haum thiab cov kua nplaum yuav lo ua ke tsis sib xws.
Hauv nws cov lus qhia txog kev ruaj ntseg ntim khoom, Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Khoom Noj thiab Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb ntawm United Nations (FAO) hais tias kraft ntawv rau lub hnab ntim khoom noj yuav tsum muaj lub zog tensile ntawm 5.0 kN / m nyob rau hauv lub tshuab kev taw qhia thiab 2.5 kN / m nyob rau hauv lub cross direction. Qhov no ua kom lub hnab ntim tau thaum lawv npaj tau (FAO, 2022). Lub tshuab lub vev xaib- tuav lub kaw lus yuav tsum tuav cov yam ntxwv no thaum tsim, txiav thiab sib khi.
Yas zaj duab xis substrates
Rau cov hnab yas khoom noj khoom haus, lub tshuab ua haujlwm nrog cov tshuab cua tshuab lossis cam khwb cia polyethylene zaj duab xis. Cov yeeb yaj kiab no feem ntau yog 15 txog 40 microns tuab. Cov yeeb yaj kiab lub zog tensile, pob txha elongation thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm zaj duab xis rau darts poob txiav txim siab lub hnab ntim khoom kawg. ISO 527 thiab ASTM D1709 txhais cov khoom no. Lub tshuab txoj haujlwm yog ua cov zaj duab xis maj mam. Qhov no zam qhov tsis xws luag. Lub tshuab yuav tsum tau teeb tsa qhov ntsuas kub ntawm qhov ntsuas kom raug raws li hom polymer tshwj xeeb thiab tuab.
Kev Tswjhwm Zoo thiab Kev Ntsuas Inline
Niaj hnub nimno lub hnab ntim khoom noj muaj nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas zoo. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov kabmob tseem nyob hauv ib qho kev ua haujlwm thoob plaws hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom. Cov tshuab no feem ntau muaj:
- Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag pom kev los xyuas cov nplaum nplaum, foob qhov zoo thiab qhov tseeb ntawm qhov nrawm nrawm
- Kev soj ntsuam nruj ntsuas ntsuas tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas lub vev xaib tawg lossis drift ua ntej ua rau cov khoom tsim tawm tsis zoo
- Kev Tswj Xyuas Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem (SPC) software txhawm rau taug qab cov chaw tseem ceeb xws li ntsuas kub, lub sijhawm nyob, cov kua nplaum. Nws chij txhua qhov kev hloov pauv sab nraum qhov chaw teeb tsa.
Lub Koom Haum Thoob Ntiaj Teb rau Cov Qauv Txheej Txheem (ISO) suav nrog kev tswj hwm kev ntim khoom zoo los ntawm ISO 9001 thiab ISO 15378. Ob tus qauv xav kom cov tuam txhab siv cov txheej txheem tswj hwm uas muab cov khoom lag luam zoo ib yam (ISO, 2023). Kev saib xyuas hauv kab hauv tshuab yog txoj hauv kev yooj yim tshaj plaws kom ua tau raws li cov cai no. Nws raug kuaj pom thaum muaj teeb meem tshwm sim, tsis yog kuaj xyuas cov qauv tom qab tsim khoom.
Ua kom tau nrawm yam tsis muaj kev txi lub zog
Ib qho ntawm qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua lub hnab ntim khoom noj yog tswj kom muaj kev thauj khoom siab -cov kabmob zoo. Cov khw muag khoom loj yuav tsum tsim 150-300 hnab ib feeb rau daim ntawv thiab 300-500 hnab ib feeb rau yas. Nyob rau ntawm tus nqi no, lub sijhawm kho, lub sijhawm txias txias thiab cov khoom siv sijhawm luv luv.
Lub tshuab manufacturers daws qhov teeb meem no nrog ntau-chaw nres tsheb sib npaug ua haujlwm. Qhov no txhais tau tias ob peb lub hnab nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem molding sib txawv tib lub sijhawm. Lawv kuj siv sijhawm zoo dua. Piv txwv li, lub tshuab lub hnab ntawv tuaj yeem siv lub tshuab txias txias dua tom qab pasting qhov chaw nres tsheb hauv qab. Qhov no ua kom cov hnab yas ua kom ruaj khov ua ntej stacking thiab suav, txawm tias nyob rau hauv high yields. Ib yam li ntawd, cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj ceev tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm lub hnab yas tshuab. Qhov no tso cai rau kev ruaj khov vuam hauv tsawg dua 0.3 vib nas this. Lub hnab tom ntej tuaj yeem muab pov tseg tam sim ntawd yam tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg lub foob. Ib qhov zoo-tunedkhoom noj lub hnab ua tshuabsynchronizes tag nrho cov chaw nres tsheb no kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo ib yam thaum tswj kev thauj khoom- ua kom muaj kev ncaj ncees thoob plaws txhua lub hnab.
Xaus
Foodbag txiag ua tau raws li cov load-cov kev xav tau ntawm cov khw muag khoom loj los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuab tsim, cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb thiab kev tswj cov txheej txheem. Lub foob hauv qab yuav tsum tsim ib daim ntawv cog lus uas faib qhov hnyav thoob plaws hauv lub hauv paus. Kov txuas lossis txiav yuav tsum yog lub suab nrov ntawm qhov chaw siab tshaj plaws. Gusset tsim yuav tsum muab cov folds ruaj khov los tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab. Kev soj ntsuam zoo hauv kab yuav tsum kuaj xyuas cov teeb meem ua ntej lub hnab phem mus txog cov neeg siv khoom.
Qhov tshwm sim yog ib lub hnab uas tuaj yeem nqa tau 10kg lossis ntau dua ntawm cov khoom noj. Nws zoo li ib qho yooj yim, tab sis nws los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov kua nplaum chemistry, polymer physics thiab mechanical precision. Lub tshuab yuav tsum tau ua ntau dua li cov cai tshiab kev ruaj ntseg thawb kev lag luam kom siv cov ntaub ntawv nyias nyias thiab rov ua dua cov ntsiab lus ntxiv. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, muaj zog engineering thiab kev tswj cov txheej txheem yuav dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb dua kom ua tau raws li cov kev cia siab hauv khw.
Cov ntaub ntawv
ASTM International. (2021).ASTM D4649 Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Xaiv thiab Kev Siv Cov Ntawv Xa Khoom Thauj Khoom. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
European Committee rau Standardization. (2020).TS EN 13428: Kev ntim khoom - Cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb rau kev tsim khoom thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke - Kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev txo qis. Brussels: CEN.
Wiley. (2019).Shear zog ntawm dej-raws li cov nplaum nplaum ntawm cov ntawv kho kraft substrates. Phau ntawv Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 136(18), 47531.
IAPRI (International Association of Packaging Research Institutes). (2022).Kev ua tsis tiav hom kev tsom xam ntawm lub hnab ntim khoom noj kev ua haujlwm: Kov txuas thiab hauv qab seam kev ncaj ncees. IAPRI Kev Sib Tham Txhua Xyoo Kev Ua Haujlwm.
FAO (Food thiab Agriculture Organization ntawm United Nations). (2022).Kev ntim khoom noj kom ruaj khov: Cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb rau daim ntawv - raws li lub hnab ntim khoom noj. Rome: FAO.
ISO (International Organization for Standardization). (2023).TS EN ISO 15378 Cov khoom ntim tseem ceeb rau cov khoom lag luam tshuaj - Cov kev cai tshwj xeeb rau kev thov ISO 9001 nrog rau GMP. Geneva: ISO.
